Gas-producing oven.



A.GUHMANN GAS PRODUGING OVEN'. APPLICATION FILED JUNE21,191L

Patented Apr. 23, 1912.

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GAS PRODUCING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21,

Patented Apr. 23,1912.

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A. GOHMANN. GAS PRODUCING OVEN. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2l, 1911.

l 9@l,12& Patented Apr. 23, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3v am M i portion on the line E-F ARTHUR GOHMANN, or sTE'rTIiv, GERMANY, Assreivoa To STETTINER cHAivroT'rE- FABRIK ACTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT VORM. PORATION OF GERMANY.

DIDIER, OF STETTIN, GERMANY, A. COR- GAs-rnonncme OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented apr. as, wie.

Appucation'nled :rune 21,-1911. serial No. 634,578.

To all whom t may concern;

Be it known that I, ARTHUR GoIIi\IA1\n\1, a` subject of the German Emperor, and resi-4 dent of Stettin, Germany, have invented cer tain new and useful Improvements in Gas- Producing Ovens, `of which the following is a specification.-`

My invention relates to gas-producing ovens (such as`, `for instance, coke ovens)V provided with heating flues, and has for its object to enable the operator to cause the combustion gases to travel through the heating flues continuously in thesame direction, or alternately in opposite directions, as desired. For this purpose each heating flue is connected at,the same end with three valved channels or conduits, through which the alternate admission of heatinggas and air and withdrawal of combustion be effected.

I prefer to employ a common, rotary, removable valve for alternatelyT shuttingof the channels for the admission of gas and air to each of the heating lues and gases may for the escape of the combustion gases therefrom. The new arrangement of channels devised by me isapplicable to longitudinalV ovens, whether horizontal or inclined, and also to upright or vertical ovens. y f Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, in which-y Figure l is a longitudinal sect-ion through -one form of my improved oven, taken on line A-B of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is a cross section olf the oven, vthe -lefthand portionon the line C-D of Fig.` l, and the right-hand ot Fig. l.; Fig. is a detail vertical section through one'of the shut-off valves `and a portion of the oven base, drawn on line G 'H of Fig. l and upon an enlarged scale; Fig. 4 shows, in superposed arrangement, four horizontal sections taken respectively on llines IK, L-M, N-O and P-Q oiFig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical section similar toFig. 3, but with lthe valve in a different position; Fig. 6 shows, in supe'rposed arrangement, four horizontal sections on the same planes as the corresponding portions of Fig. 4, but withl the yvalve lin the same position as in Fig. 5; Fig. l7 is a horizontal section on line R-S of Fig. 1, drawn upon an enlarged scale; Fig. 8 is an lenlarged vertical section I through the lower end of one of vthe pipes serving to turn the shuteo' valves; Fig. 9 is a vertical cross section through a portion of an oven in which thepipes serving to turn the shut-off valves are operatively connected in rows; andFig. 10 is a horizont-al section on lline TU`of Fig. 9.

1 designates'the block or bench-of ovens f provided, in the example illustrated, with horizontal ticking-chambers l2, and resting upon supporting ywalls 3 which are arranged under alternate coking chambers 9.. These chambers are separated from each other by heating walls l in each of which I provide a set of vertical heating flues 7, formed by partitions 5 and 6 (Fig. 1). The solid partitions 5 extend to the roof ofthe oven, while the partitions 6 are interrupted nearthe roof, so as to leave a space or passage 9.

The left-hand and right-hand halves of Fig. l illustrate different examples of heating flue arrangements. As shown at the left, the solid and the apertured partitions alternate regularly, that is to say, there is one partition 6 between each two partitions 5, so that the flues 7 are connected in pairs at their upper ends. In the construction represented at the, right of Fig. l, three apertured partitions 6 intervene between each twolsolid partitions 5, so that the heating flues 7 are connected at their upper ends in groups of four ues each. Y Beneath the coking chambers 2 horizontal channels 10, ranging lengthwise of said chambers, are arranged in the base or sole of the oven, to carry away the combustion gases. Below these outlet channels 10 I arrange alternate yhorizontal channels ll and l2 respectively which 4extend lengthwise of the coking'chambers 2, the channels Il serving to supply the heating gas, and the channels l2 for the admission ot' the air ito support combustion.l The cdmbustion gases and the air for support-ing combustion always travel 1n the saine direction fthrough the channels-l0 and l2 respectively.

Regenerators or recuperators (not shown) may be connected with the channels lO and 12, in a manner weli-lniown in the art.

1vVith the lower end of each heating flue 7 is connected a vertical duct 1B of circular cross section arranged in the base of the oven.

Each of thesel ducts is connected at diiterent levels with a branch duct 14 adapted to receive gas from oneof the channels 11, a branch duct-15 adapted to receive air from one of the channels 12and a branch duct 16 adapted to convey the combustion gases to one of the channels 10 (see Figs. 2 to 6). In asmuch as each of the channels 11 and12 is intended to supply two rows of heating fiues 7 with gas and air respectively, branch ducts 14, 15 lead from each side of these channels 11, 12 to the corresponding vertical ducts 13. Since there is a separateI outlet channel 10 for each row of heating lues 7, branch ducts '16 lead only `from one side of-the outlet channels to the respective 'vertical ducts 13. Each-vertical duct 13 (Fig. 3) is of a smaller diameter at its up'- per portion 22 than at its lower portion 23,

andbetween the said portions itis provided' with a conical Seat24. In each of the ducts 13 is mounted to'tur a relnovable shut-oil valve 17 consisting of refractory stone. rlhe lower part 18 of this valve fits the wide portion 23 ofl the duct 13. The upper part 19 of the valve is'of a materially smaller diameter'than-the upper portion 22 of the duct, so that an annular passage 20 is formed aroundlthis part of the valve. The upper part 19 of the valve extends upward to theA lower end of the heating flue 7. lower part 18 of the valve a conical surface 25 is provided which is adapted t'o fit tightlyA (tdprevent the passage of gas or air) against the corresponding seat 24 of the duct 13.

The upper part 19 of the valve is 'proi vided at diierent levels with ribs26, 27, 28,

29 itted to the duct portion 22 and adapted to form controllers governing theiiow of the air and of the combustion gases respec-` tively. The lower controller consists of two vertical straight ribs 26 and a horizontal segmental rib 27. The ribs 26 are connected at their upper ends with the ends of the rib 27 and at their lower ends with the wide part 18 of the valve. The upper controller also consists of two vertical straight ribs 28 and a horizontal segmental rib 29 which however-is shorter than the rib 27. The ribs 28 are connected at their upper ends with the ends of the rib 29 and at their lower ends with the rib 27 ofthe lower controller.

vadapted to supply the heating gas.

At the upper end of thev neet-ed with a radial passage 31 leading to the periphery of saidpart 18 and located at the same level with the. branch duct 14 The horizontal passage 31 and the controllers 26, 27 and 28, 29 of the valve 17 are so arranged relatively to theI corresponding branch ducts l 14, 15 and 16 respectively 'that by turning l the valve 17 the heating flue 7 can be connected alternately either with the branch ducts 14, 15 serving to supply the heating gas and air respectively, or with the branch duct- 16 serving to carry away the combustion gases. Inthe position of the valve 17 illustrated by Fig. 3, the horizontal valve passagev 31 is connected with the duct- 14 which supplies the heating gas, `while the controller 26, 27 has openedthe connection f with the air-supply duct 15 and the controller 28, 29 shuts off communication with the outlet duct 16. With thel valve in this position, the heatinggas is enabled to pass from the duct 14 through the horizontal valve passage 31 and the central bore 30 into the heating iue7, while at the same time the air for supporting Acombustioncan-travel from the duct l5 tothe annularpassage' 2O and the lheating flue 7 If the valve is given half a turn (180), so as to take the position shown in Fig. 5,' the'horizontal valve passage 31 will be shut oi from the duct 14 for supplying the heating gas, while the air supply duct 15 will be shut off by the controller 26, 27, and communication with the outlet duct 16 will be opened by the controller 28, 29. Vith the valve in this position, the combustion gases can pass from the heating lue'7 lthrough the annular passage 20 and into the outlet duct 16.

For the purpose of turning thevalves 17, each of them is provided with a vertical pipe` 32 having a head 33 at its upper end (Fig. 3). This head fits tightly into the duct portion23 and around a lug 34projected-rom the lower end of the valve'part v18. The lug 34 has flat surfaces 35 (Figs. 4

and 6C) engaging corresponding plane surfaces of the head 33. Thus the valve 17 is 4compelled to rotate with the pipe 32 and head 33, yet, when required, the valve can be separated readily from the headv 33 by an axial movement. y'

Each of the pipes 32 is mounted to turn in a plug 36 fitted Atightly into the lower portion 23 of the duct 13.' The lower end of the pipe projects from this duct and carries a ring 37 secured rigidly to the pipe by means of a pin or th'e like'. and engaging with its lower surface a 4bearing bracket 38 perforated toif the passage of the pipe 32. This bracket therefore serves as a support and guide for the pipe 32. The brackets 38 belonging to the several rows of pipes 32 are .removably secured to U-shape'd supports 40 by means 'of screws 39 (Fig. 7). These suplOl ports extend lengthwise of the oven within the master channels 41 and are secured at the ends 'n the foundation masonry of the oven. `Beams atllikewise embedded inthe foundation masonry at their ends, extend `rangemenhthe combustion process within the heating flue '7 may be watchedthrough the transparent pane 45, the inside of the pipe 32 and the axial bore of the valve 17.

The oven described above can be operated in two di lt'erent ways, either with the iiames constantly in the saine direction within the heating flues, or with. a periodical reversal ot' the names direction.

lf the heating iiues 7 are connected in pairs, as at the left of Fig. 1, the valve 1 7 belonging to .one of the flues of each pair may, at a particular moment, be in the position illustrated by'Fig. 3 (in which the valve admits air and gas to such flue) while the valve 17 belonging-to the other flue ot' each pair is in the position illustrated by lFig. (in'which the valve allows the combastion flue). Thus the combustion gases will travel upward in one o f the heating tlues 7 of each pair and,down,ward in the other.`.v At the operators choice, the shut-oill valves 17 may be adjusted either so as to cause the combustion gases to 'ascend in the left-hand tine of each pair and to descend in the right-hand flue, or to rise in the `right-hand flue, and travel down in the left-hand flue of each pair.

Then it is intended to operate the oven in such a manner that the gases will travel continuously 1n the same direction 1n the heating flues 7, the shut-ott valves 17 are left permanently in the same position. Ifhowever itis desired to reverse the flow of gases periodically in the pairs of heating tlues 7 ,Y then the shut-ott valves 17 are given hali:l a.

turn a suitable intervals of time, so that those ues which until then were'connected with the branch ducts-141 and 15 serving to supply heating and air respectively, will be placed in communication Withthebraneh ducts 16 servingl to carry away the combustion gases. At the same time those heating flues 7 which until then were. connected with the branch ducts 16, will ,fh/eiplaced in com mimication with the branclrducts '14, and 15.. The flow of gases may be reversedjn all pairs of heating flues 7 or only in some of them, as desired, by a` proper manipulation of the several valves 17.V In this particular construction, each pair of connected tlues 7 forms a heating channel. A similar operagases to,escape from the respective tion may be employed in the rase of anoveu having groups each containing lour heating Vtlues 7, as shown at the right-hand portion ot' Fig. 1. ln this case it. is preferable to always have the valves 1T belonging to the two tlues 7 at the left-hand end of each group, in the saine position, and similarly, thc'valves ot" the two tlues at the right-hand end ot each group ought to be in the saine position, the position o l the valves of such .tlues at the lett (littering from the position of the valves ot the tlues at the right. Thus the gases will travel upward in the two lues at the lett-hand end of each group. and downward li n the two flues at the right-hand end of each group, or vice-versa, according to the position ot the valves 17. In this case, each group ot four lues forms a heating channel, with two ascending' inlet members and twodescend ing outlet members. By giving` all the Yfalves 17 or some of them half a turn thetlow of the combustion gases may be reversed in all the groups of heating tlues or only in some groups, as desired.'

l'n case of need, one'or more pairs or -groups ot heating flues maybe disconnected entirely1 and thus thrown out of operation,

or groups into a position in which the corresponding gas-supply ductslat and air-supply ducts 15 are shut ott. lf the shut-ott valves 17 are clogged up or injured, or are to be removed tor any other reason, they may be withdrawn downward from the ducts 13. lf one of the valves 17 is to be taken out, the `corresponding plug 36 is pushed downward along the pipe 3Q, out of the duct 13, and the corresponding brackets 38 after loosening the screws 39, is swung intothe position indicated in Fig. 7 by `dotted lines. This releases the pipe and valve 17 for downward movement in the duct 13. 'Vhen the pipe 32 .has been withdrawn from the said duct, the head 33 is disconnected by an aX'ial movement from the lug 3-1 of the valve 17 and the pipe is removed sidewise. The valve 17 may then be withdrawn entirely from the duct 13 and likewise erally.

Obviously, the amount of gas supplied to each individual flue 7 depends on the cross section of the longitudinal b ore or passage 30 and lof the duct 31, and similarly, the amountef air supplied (and the speed at l which the combustion vgases are withdrawn) depend on the cross section of the annular with. The valves'17 being' withdrawn readily, I can easily substitute for `them other valves of the same general construction but differing as to the cross section of the several passages. Thus, by the substitution of differently constructed valves 17 in the ducts 13, the cross sectional area of the passages l for admitting air and gas and carrying away by bringing all the valves 17 of such pairsremoved lati passage 20 and of theducts connected there' materially smaller diameter than the corresponding portion of the valve duct so as to form an annular chamber around said port-ion, two controllers connected with the valve at different points of said chamber, an airsupply ductl governed by one oi' said controllers to be open to the heating iiue att-he same time as the gas-supply duct, and an escape duct governed by the other controller to be closed when the other ducts are open, and vice versa.

12. A ,gas-producing oven provided with a heating channel, yalve ducts connected therewith, and made wider at one endv than lat the other, with a vtapered intermediate portion, ducts for supplying a combustible mixture and for carrying away combustion products respectively, and valves each mounted to turn in one of said valve ducts and provided with a conical portion fitted `tojzsaid tapered portion of the valve duct,

sai'dfvalvescontrolling the connection of the heating channel with the supply and escape ducts respectively.

13. A gas-producing oven provided with heating Hnos, ducts for supplying a coinbustible mixture and for carrying away Y combustion products respectively, rotary valves for controlling the connection of said Hues with Said ducts, and a rotary mein ber detachably connected with one end of each valve to operate the valve and to slide it lengthwise for removal or insertion.

111. A gas-producing oven provided with heating tlues, ducts for supplyinga comhustible mixture and for carrying away combustion products respectively, rotary,

15. A gas-producing oven provided with heating tlues, ducts for supplying a combustible mixture and for carrying away combustion products respectively, rotary valves each of which controls the connection of one of said ilues withduct-s of both-kinds, and an operati ve connection whereby a plu- -rality cf said valves will be made to move in unison. p

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specicaition in the presence of two subscriliing witnesses.

' ARTHUR GOHMANN. Witnesses:

EMIL SCHMIDT,

Gnonon LILrnQUis'r. 

